Person Page - 57

     Edward James Thrale D'Oyley de Bourbel Money was born in 1822 at Calcutta, India.¹ He married Georgina Mary Russell, daughter of George H. Russell and Louisa Hodgkinson, on 31 May 1859 at India? Edward James Thrale D'Oyley de Bourbel Money died on 26 October 1889.¹

     Daniel Allen was born in 1822 at New York.¹ He was the son of Timothy Allen and Elizabeth (?)¹ Daniel Allen married July Ann (?) circa 1839 at New York.¹ Daniel Allen and July Ann (?) appeared on the census of 6 September 1850 in Cold Springs, Jefferson County, Wisconsin.¹ Daniel Allen and July Ann (?) appeared on the census of 15 August 1860 in Spring Green, Sauk County, Wisconsin.² They appeared on the census of 25 July 1870 in Baxter Springs, Cherokee County, Kansas.³

     July Ann (?) was born in 1822 at New York.¹ She married Daniel Allen, son of Timothy Allen and Elizabeth (?), circa 1839 at New York.¹ July Ann (?) and Daniel Allen appeared on the census of 6 September 1850 in Cold Springs, Jefferson County, Wisconsin.¹ July Ann (?) and Daniel Allen appeared on the census of 15 August 1860 in Spring Green, Sauk County, Wisconsin.² They appeared on the census of 25 July 1870 in Baxter Springs, Cherokee County, Kansas.³ A widowed Julia Ann was included in the census of son and daughter-in-law, Orlando and Minnie Allen, on 4 June 1880 at Buffalo, Carbon County, Wyoming.⁴

     Malcolm C Lamont was born in 1822 at North Carolina.³ He was the son of Flora (?)² Malcolm C Lamont appeared on the census of 23 June 1860 in Western Division, Cumberland County, North Carolina.⁴ He married Isabella McLauchlin, daughter of William McLauchlin and Mary McRae, on 18 May 1864 at Cumberland County, North Carolina.^1,5 Malcolm C Lamont and Isabella McLauchlin appeared on the census of 20 September 1870.³

     Catherine Robinson Merrill was born in 1822 at Maine.¹ She was the daughter of Enoch Merrill and Catherine "Katy" (?)³ Catherine Robinson Merrill married John Bancroft, son of Eben Bancroft, at Maine.¹ Catherine Robinson Merrill and John Bancroft appeared on the census of 22 July 1850 in Norway, Oxford County, Maine.⁴ John and Catherine also appeared on the census of 25 June 1860 in Norway, Maine.⁵ Catherine was included in the census of her daughter and son-in-law, Fanny and Jerome Johnson on 8 July 1870 at Waterford, Oxford County, Maine.⁶ Catherine Merrill Bancroft was included in the census of her daughter and son-in-law, Fanny and Jerome Johnson, on 7 June 1880 at Waterford, Maine.⁷

     William Harvey was born in 1822 at St Just, Cornwall, England.² He married Elizabeth Chapple before 1846 at St Just, Cornwall, England.¹ William Harvey and Elizabeth Chapple appeared on the census of 7 April 1861 in St Just, Cornwall, England.² William Harvey died before 1871 at Cornwall, England.¹

     Lucinda Pal(i/e)n was born in 1822 at Indiana?¹ She was the daughter of Nixon Palin and Peninnah Penina Asher.² Lucinda Pal(i/e)n married Jarvis Jones, son of Isaac Jones and Lydia Small, on 15 January 1846 at Henry County, Iowa.¹ Lucinda Pal(i/e)n and Jarvis Jones appeared on the census of 12 November 1850 in Tippecanoe, Henry County, Iowa.³ Lucinda Pal(i/e)n and Jarvis Jones appeared on the census of 1856 in Bangor, Marshall County, Iowa.⁴ Lucinda Pal(i/e)n and Jarvis Jones appeared on the census of 19 July 1860 in Bangor, Marshall County, Iowa.⁵ Lucinda Pal(i/e)n and Jarvis Jones appeared on the census of 19 July 1870 in Iowa, Franklin County, Iowa.⁶ Lucinda Pal(i/e)n and Jarvis Jones appeared on the census of 17 June 1880 in Otter, Cowley County, Kansas.⁷ Lucinda Pal(i/e)n died on 9 July 1888 at Brooksville, Hernando County, Florida.⁸

     John Holman was born in 1822.¹ He married Elizabeth Eliza Cotton, daughter of John Cotton, on 11 September 1842 at Spitalfield Christ Church, London, England.¹ John Holman died in 1877.¹

     Jacob Jervis Borah was born in 1822.¹ He was the son of Machael Borah and Sarah D. Harelson.^1,2 Jacob Jervis Borah married Sarah Jane McKinny on 9 November 1848 at Lancaster County, Wisconsin.^3,4 Jacob Jervis Borah and Sarah Jane McKinny appeared on the census of 29 June 1860 in Fennimore, Grant County, Wisconsin.³ Jacob and Sarah Borah appeared on the census of 5 July 1870 in Empire, Stanislaus County, California.⁵ James and Sarah returned east where they appeared on the census of 5 July 1880 in James, Pottawattamie County, Iowa.⁶ Jacob, a widower, appeared on the census of 30 June 1900 in Allen, Beadie County, South Dakota.⁷ Jacob Jervis Borah died in 1908.¹

     Georgianna Hite Ranson was born in 1822 at Charles Town, Jefferson County, West Virginia.^1,2 She was the daughter of James Lackland Ranson and Frances Madison Hite.² Georgianna Hite Ranson married Benjamin Franklin Washington, son of John Thornton Augustine Washington and Elizabeth Conrad Bedinger, on 22 October 1845 at Charles Town, West Virginia.^1,2 Georgianna Hite Ranson and Benjamin Franklin Washington appeared on the census of 20 June 1860 in San Francisco, California; This census included Eareka Washington (Color: Ind?), and Dane Mullen (age 30) nephew.³ Georgianna Hite Ranson died on 3 December 1860 at San Francisco, California; Posted at Find-A-Grave: "Georgianna Hite (Ranson) Washington was the daughter of James Lackland Ranson by his wife Frances Madison Hite she was born ca. 1822 @ Jefferson County, Virginia now West Virginia she married 22 Oct. 1845 @ Charles Town, Jefferson County, Virginia now West Virginia to Benjamin Franklin Washington son of John Thornton Augustine Washington by his wife Elizabeth Conrad Bedinger & died December 3, 1860 @ San Francisco, San Francisco County, California".^1,2

     James Graham Whitehead was born between 1822 and 1825 at Ontario, Canada.^1,3 He married Sarah Baker circa 1856 at Onterio, Canada.¹ James Graham Whitehead and Sarah Baker appeared on the census of 1881 in Windham, Norfolk North, Onterio, Canada.¹ James Graham Whitehead died on 16 December 1904 at Sombra Township, Lambton, Ontario, Canada.³

     Sarah Jane Gunning was born on 14 February 1822 at Hamilton County, Ohio.^1,3 She married John McQuerry circa 1840.¹ Sarah Jane Gunning and John McQuerry appeared on the census of 13 June 1860 in Manchester, St Louis County, Missouri.¹ Sarah Jane Gunning died on 24 February 1890 at St. Louis County, Missouri, at age 68.³

     William Forth was born on 17 February 1822 at Craylands Abbey?, Crowland, Lincolnshire, England.^1,3 He was the son of Thomas Forth and Ann (?)² William Forth married Sarah Hunt, daughter of Robert Hunt, on 3 October 1842 at Crowland, Lincolnshire, England.^1,3 William Forth and Sarah Hunt appeared on the census of 30 March 1851 in Crowland, Lincolnshire, England.¹ William Forth and Sarah Hunt appeared on the census of 7 April 1861 in Crowland, Lincolnshire, England; This census included Mary Hunt, 8 months, niece.⁴ William Forth appeared on the census of 2 April 1871 in Crowland, Lincolnshire, England.⁵ He appeared on the census of 3 April 1881 in Crowland, Lincolnshire, England.⁶

     Phoebe Ann Brown was born on 24 February 1822 at Alabama.¹ She was the daughter of Nancy (?)² Phoebe Ann Brown married Levi Murphee, son of Ransom Murphree and Mary M. Walker, before 1839 at Mississippi.^1,3 Phoebe Ann Brown and Levi Murphee appeared on the census of 30 October 1850 in Western Division, Chickasaw County, Mississippi.³ Phoebe Ann Brown and Levi Murphee appeared on the census of 24 July 1860 in Cherry Hill P.O., Calhoun County, Mississippi.⁴ Phoebe Ann Brown and Levi Murphee appeared on the census of 7 June 1880 in Beat 2, Calhoun County, Mississippi; This census include Nancy Brown, age 80, probably Phoebe's mother.² Phoebe Ann Brown died on 26 November 1893 at Calhoun County, Mississippi, at age 71.⁵ She and Levi Murphee Listed as a son and a daughter, John (10) and Dora (6) would have been born after Phoebe turned 47 which, though not impossible , might indicated that they were infact grandchildren of Levi and Phoebe.²

     Lewis Carlisle Davidson was born on 14 March 1822 at Onondaga County, New York.^1,2 He was the son of John Davidson and Rhoda Mudge.¹ Lewis Carlisle Davidson married Amelia Finet Davis, daughter of Judge Ezekiel F Davis and Amelia (?), circa 1845.¹ Lewis Carlisle Davidson and Amelia Finet Davis appeared on the census of 23 July 1850 in Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michigan.¹ Lewis Carlisle Davidson married Charlotte Fidelia Davis, daughter of Judge Ezekiel F Davis and Amelia (?), after 25 December 1852 at Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michigan. She was a younger sister of his first wife Amelia Davis.³ Lewis Carlisle Davidson died on 2 June 1907 at Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michigan, at age 85.² He The fallowing was posted at Finda-A-Grave: "Lewis Carlisle Davidson was the son of John and Rhoda Mudge Davidson. The family left New York in the early 1830s to come to Michigan. They stopped first in Ann Arbor, where some of the family settled permanently. - Lewis became a well known contractor and built many of the early buildings in Grand Rapids. He married Amelia Davis on December 4, 1844 and with her had four children. Following Amelia's death in 1852, he married her sister, Charlotte in July of 1855. Together, they raised another seven children".

     Edwin Elias Burtis was born on 22 March 1822 at New York.^1,3 He was the son of Jacob Hicks Burtis and Elizabeth Arabella Carman.^4,5 Edwin Elias Burtis was recorded Civial War Draft Registration Record, 1863-1865 in June 1832 at McLean County, Illinois.⁶ He married Sarah Lewis circa 1843 at Illinois.¹ Edwin Elias Burtis and Sarah Lewis appeared on the census of 3 October 1850 in Money Creek, McLean County, Illinois.² They appeared on the census of 25 July 1860 in Hudson, McLean County, Illinois.¹ Edwin Elias Burtis died on 14 March 1869 at McLean County, Illinois, at age 46; Burial: Hudson Cemetery, McLean County, Illinois.³

     John Thomas Ayres was born on 26 March 1822 at Maryland.^1,2 He married Pricilla Hayes circa 1853 at Ohio.^1,3 John and Pricilla appeared on the census of 28 June 1860 in Monroe, Pickaway County, Ohio.³ Having left Ohio, they appeared on the census of 18 August 1870 in Sni-A-Bar, Jackson County, Missouri.⁴ On 23 June 1880 they also appeared on the census in Sni-A-Bar, Jackson County, Missouri.⁵ John and Priscilla appeared on the census of 7 June 1900 in Sni-A-Bar.⁶ John Thomas Ayres died on 3 September 1905 at Jackson County, Missouri, at age 83.^1,2

     Ira O Haven was born on 27 April 1822 at Dummerston, Windham County, Vermont.¹ He was the son of Ira Haven and Jemima Ward.² Ira O Haven married Elvira Ford, daughter of Lyman Ford and Azubah (?), on 15 October 1856 at Lee, Massachusetts.³ Ira O Haven and Elvira Ford appeared on the census of 8 June 1860 in Durmerston, Winham County, Vermont.⁴ Ira O Haven began military service on 10 January 1865 at Company F, 26th Cavalry Regiment New York, Durmerston, Vermont.⁵ He ended military service on 27 June 1865 at Durmerston, Vermont.⁵ He and Elvira Ford appeared on the census of 6 August 1870 in Dummerston, Windham County, Vermont.⁶ Ira O Haven appeared on the census of 26 June 1880 in Greenfield, Franklin County, Massachusetts.⁷ He died on 31 July 1909 at Westborough, Massachusetts, at age 87; Informant: Miss Hatty Haven, 41 South St. , Westbor. Mass. Burial: Pine GRove Cem. Westboro, Mass.⁸

     Julius F. Bekeart married Laura Ellen Kendall.² Julius F. Bekeart was born in July 1822 at England.¹

     Tobias M Coon was born in July 1822 at Pellston, Ohio.^1,3,4 He was the son of George S. Coon and Christina Moore.² Tobias married Eleanor "Ellen" Decoursey, daughter of Abraham DeCoursey Sr and Margaret Pearce/Pierce, on 26 October 1843 at Allen County, Ohio; Tobias and Ellen were married by the Rev. John Alexander Jr.^1,5,6 Tobias and Ellen appeared on the census of 13 September 1850 in Shawnee, Allen County, Ohio.⁷ They appeared on the census of 3 July 1860 in Shawnee, Allen County, Ohio.⁸ They also appeared on the census of 16 June 1870 in Jamestown, Ottawa County, Michigan.¹ They appeared on the census of 23 June 1880 in Tallmadge, Ottawa County, Michigan.⁹ Approved, June 24, 1886. June 24, 1886. CHAP. 494.-An act for the relief of Tobias M. Coon. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, directed to place on the pension-roll of his Department the name of Tobias M. Coon, late a private in Company A, One hundred and eighteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws. on 24 June 1886.¹⁰ In the report of the Board of Managers of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soliders for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1895, A descriptive list of members present at Michigan Soldiers' Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Sailors, and Marines on June 30, 1895, provides the fallowing. Name: Tobias M. Coon; Regiment: A, 118th N. Y. Inf; Rank: Private; Months Served: 39; Birth Place: Ohio; Age: 71; Disability: g. s. w., general debility; Place of Admittance: Michigan; Occupation: Farmer; Marital Status: Widower. on 30 June 1895 at Grand Rapids, Michigan.¹¹ Tobias appeared on the census of 17 June 1900 in Soldiers Home, Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michigan.³ Tobias M Coon died on 29 December 1906 at Michigan Soldiers Home, Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michigan, at age 84; Cause of death "Old Age."²

     Abigale Stone was born on 26 July 1822 at Gardner, Worcester, Massachusetts.^2,4 She was the daughter of Abraham Stone and Nabby Leavitt Barrell.^2,3 Abigale Stone married Stephen Puffer Whitney, son of Joseph Glazier Whitney and Levina Dunn, on 22 December 1841 at Gardner, Worcester County, Massachusetts.¹ Abigale Stone and Stephen Puffer Whitney appeared on the census of 14 August 1850 in Templeton, Worcester County, Massachusetts.⁵ Abby Stone Whitney was recorded in the census of her mother Nabby Leavitt Barrell Stone on 2 June 1860 at Wilbraham, Hampden County, Massachusetts.²

     Emma Pepper was born in August 1822 at Gosberton, Lincolnshire, England.^4,5,6 She was the daughter of William Pepper and Eleanor Spreckly.^1,2,3 Emma Pepper married William Pratt, son of Uriah Pratt and Elizabeth Wolfe, on 21 November 1847 at St. Peter, Wisbech, Cambridgeshire; Their marriage was registered in the Oct-Nov-Dec quarter for Wisbech,Cambridgeshire,Norfolk; Volume 14, Page 313.^7,8,9 Emma Pepper and William Pratt appeared on the census of 30 March 1851 at 181 Fleet Street, Holbeach, Lincolnshire. William was working as a Brewer's Laborer at the time. Possibably at the Norwich Brewry Co. (Watney subsidiary) which began brewing at 72 Fleet Street in 1844..¹⁰ Emma Pepper was listed as mother during the baptism of son William Pratt on 4 April 1852 at Holbeach, Lincolnshire, England; Father's Name: William Pratt; Mother's Name: Emma Pratt.¹¹
     Although this William Pratt family has not been located on a passinger list, they seem to have immigrated to to Galen, Wayne County, New York, shortly after the birth of their daughter Mary Ruth on on 6 October 1853; The 1855 New York State census indicates they were in Galen by the end of 1853 so they must have left shorly after her birth.^12,13,14
     According to records held by the Wayne County Historian, Emma Pepper and William Pratt appeared at Galen, Wayne County, New York, for the state census of 1855.¹⁵
     William and Emma appeared on the census of 1 November 1860 in Galen, Wayne County.¹³
     While the New York state census records for Wayne County are not available online, the Wayne County Historian indicated that William and Emma did appeared in Galen, New York, for the State Census of 1865.¹⁶ Emma Pepper appeared on the census of 28 July 1870 in Galen, Wayne County.¹⁷ She was also known as Mary Pratt.¹⁸ She was made a deed of inheritance to her living children on 20 April 1880 at Kent County, Michigan.¹⁹ M; The 1880 deed provides proof of the relationship of Uriah Hitite, Mary Ruth, Marth and Emma Pepper Pratt is found in this deed which was recorded as fallows: --Liber 130, Page 278. "This Induture, Made this Ninteenth day of April in the year of Our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Eighty. Between Mary Davidson, formerly Mary Pratt, and Lewis Davidson, Her Husband. Martha Youl, formerly Martha Pratt, and Edward Youl her husband. Uriah H. Pratt & Mary A. Pratt his wife, all of Grand Rapids Michigan, of the first part and Mrs Emma Partt of Clyde, Wayne Co. NY. of th of the second part. Witnesseth That the said party of the first part, in consideration of the sum of ONe Hundred & Twenty Dollars ($120) the them in hand paid by the said party of the second part the reciept when of is herby confessed and acknowledged, have bargained, sold, __mised and Quik Claims, and by these presents, does bargain, sell __mise and Quik Claime, unto the said party of the second part, and to her heirs and assign __ forever. All That Track of Parcel of Land, situated in the Town of Galen, County of Wayne, and State of New York. Bounded and discribed as fallows- Beginning on the North west corner of James H. Conydons? ten acres of land on the south side of the road leading from Clyde to the William Burt farm, Thence Westerly along the south bounds of said road sixteen rods. Thence southerly on a line parallel with James H Conydons west line, fifty rods - Thence easterly on a line parallel with the said line in front, sixteen rods - Thence northerly along James H. Congdons west line to the place of beginning, Being the same premises conveyed by Darwin Calvin and Maria D.E. his wife to William Pratt by deed dated October 1st 1868. This ___ent being Subject to the dower interest of Emma Pratt as widwo of William Pratt deceased, being the same premises of which the said William Pratt died seized. Together with all and singular the hiredaments and apprentinances _____ belonging or in any wise appertaining and the reversion and reversions, remainder and remainders, rents, issures, and profits there of and all the estate, rights, title, interest, claim and demand whatsoever of the said parties of the first part, either in law or equity of,in and by the above bargained premisis with the said hireditamets and apprentinances. To have and to hold the said.- to the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, to the sole and only proper benifit and behoof of the said party of the second part her heirs and assigns forever.
In whitness whereof the parties of the first part have hereto set their hands and ands and seals the day and year first above written, Sealed and delivered in the Presince of as to Mary A. Pratt & Uriah H. Pratt, Cone Turner, Roger Atkinson; As to Lewis C. Davidson, Beth Turner, Cone M. Terner; As to Mary Davididson. Isaac M. Turner. C.L. Ha__y; as to Martha and Edward Youl. Wilson H. Gray, Isaac M. Turner. State of Michigan, County of Kent ss On this third day of June in the year one Thousand Eight Hundred and Eighty. before me the subsinger, personally appeard Mary Davidson, Lewis Davidson, Martha Youl, Edward Youl, Uriah Pratt. and Mary A. Pratt to me personally knowen to be the sam persons described in and who exacuted the notitkin inst_______ and they ____ally acknowledged that they exacuted the same. Isaac M Turner, Notary Public for Kent County, Michigan.-- State of Michigan, County of Kent ss I Fred S. Clark. clerk of said County and exofficio clerk of the Circuit Court there of. Being a Court of Record having common law jurisdiction, do hereby certify that Isaac M. Turner. Esq. verfore whom the above and forgoing instrment appears to have been acknowledged, is, and was, at the date of taking such acnowledgement and the certificate thereof, a Notary Public within and for said county, duly commissioned, qualified and sworn, and anthorized by the law of said state, to take such acknowledgments, and to certify the same. and I further certify that an am acquainted with the hand writing of said Isaac M. Turner and believe his signature appended to the above cerificate of acknowledgement to be genuine, and the said indnturment is exacuted and acknowledged according to the laws of the state. In Whitness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and official seal at the City of Grand Rapids. This Fifth day of June ad. One Thousand Eight Hundred and Eighty. Fred S. Clark clerk.¹⁹
She appeared on the census of 8 June 1880 in Clyde, Wayne County, New York; Widow born in England.¹⁸ She was listed in the census of son-in-law and daughter, Edward Youe and Martha Pratt, on 14 June 1900 at 480 Third Street, Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michigan.⁶ Emma Pepper died on 30 October 1901 at Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michigan, at age 79. She was buried after 30 October 1901 at Riverbend Cemetery Lot 31., Kent County, Michigan.²⁰ She The relationship of the members of the Gosberton Pepper family is pure supposition. It is based solely on thier ages and residence in Gosberton or closley suronding parishs. Two Pepper families are suggested. William seems the most likley.²¹

     John W. Corbin was born on 19 August 1822 at Virginia.^1,2 He was the son of Mitcham Corbin and Nancy Ann Bywater.¹ John W. Corbin was recorded in the census of Mitcham Corbin on 29 October 1850 at Culpeper County, Virginia.¹ John W. Corbin married Martha Nelson on 11 December 1851.³ John W. Corbin appeared on the census of 18 July 1860 in Homeland, Culpeper County, Virginia.⁴ He married Anna (?) after 1861 at Culpeper County, Virginia.⁵ John and Anna appeared on the census of 18 August 1870 in Jefferson, Culpeper County, Virginia.⁵ John W. Corbin died in March 1880 at age 57.³

     Thekla Heck was born on 17 September 1822.¹ She was the daughter of Wilhelm Heck and Theresia Schneider.¹ Thekla Heck married V Enderle on 11 February 1850.¹ Thekla Heck died on 18 September 1861 at age 39.¹

     Mary A. (?) was born in November 1822 at New York.^1,2 She married Joseph B. Jocelyn circa 1841 at New York.¹ Mary A. (?) and Joseph B. Jocelyn appeared on the census of 21 August 1870 in Rockland, Sullivan County, New York.³ Mary was included in the census of her daughter and son-in-law, C. C. Williams and Mary J. Jocelyn, on 8 June 1880 at Oneonta, Otsego County, New York.⁴ Mary A Jocelyn, a widow, was included in the census of her son Marcus Jocelyn on 25 June 1900 at Esopus, Ulster County, New York.²

     Thomas Agustus Brown was born on 20 December 1822 at Charles Town, Jefferson County, West Virginia.¹ He was the son of William Brown and Elizabeth Forrest.¹ Thomas Agustus Brown married Annie Steptoe Clemson Washington, daughter of Dr Samuel Washington and Louisa Clemson, on 17 October 1854 at St. Mark's Church, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.^3,4 Annie Washington and Annie Steptoe Clemson Washington appeared on the census of 12 August 1860 in Chariton, Randolph County, Missouri.⁵ Thomas was recorded in the census of his mother-in-law, Louisa Clemson, on 13 September 1870 at Averill, Jefferson County, West Virginia.⁶ Annie and Thomas Brown appeared on the census of 8 June 1880 in Charlestown, West Virginia.⁷ They appeared on the census of 27 June 1900 in Charlestown.⁸ Thomas Agustus Brown died on 20 May 1909 at Charles Town, Jefferson County, West Virginia, at age 86.¹

     Edward B. Hill was born circa 1823 at Virginia.² He was the son of Thomas Hill and Frances "Fannie" Russel Baptist.¹ Edward B. Hill married Mildred (?) circa 1842 at Virginia.² Edward B. Hill and Mildred (?) appeared on the census of 31 October 1850 in Fairfax, Culpeper County, Virginia.²

     Annie Studebaker was born circa 1823 at Germany.² She was the daughter of (?) Studebaker and Elsie Novak.¹ Annie Studebaker married Henry Diesing at Prussia.^3,1 Annie Studebaker was found on a passenger list on 13 May 1882 at New York.² She died on 6 February 1893.

     Henry George was born circa 1823 at Fakenham, Norfolk, England.¹ He was the son of John George.² Henry George married Elizabeth Bussey, daughter of Robert Bussey, on 5 November 1844 at Deopham, Norfolk, England.^3,2 Henry and Eliabeth George appeared on the census of 30 March 1851 in Wicklewood, Norfolk, England. Henry and Elizabeth George were pauper's in the "Workhouse for the Poor of the Incorporated Parishes of the Hundred of Forehoe."³ Henry and Elizabeth appeared on the census of 7 April 1861 in Deopham, Norfolk, England.⁴ Henry and Elizabeth also appeared on the census of 7 April 1871 in District 6, Deopham, Norfold, England.⁵ Henry and Elizabeth George also appeared on the census of 3 April 1881 in Town Street, Upwell, Norfolk, England.⁶ Henry and Elizabeth also appeared on the census of 5 April 1891 in Upwell, Norfolk, England.⁷

     Eliza Ophelia Smith was born circa 1823 at Ohio.¹ She was the daughter of Patrick Smith.⁴ Eliza Ophelia Smith married Samuel William Fisher, son of Samuel Rhoads Fisher and Ann Pleasants, circa 1849 at Texas.¹ Samuel and Eliza appeared on the census of 15 August 1860 in Matagorda, Matagorda County, Texas.¹ Eliza Ophelia Smith and Samuel William Fisher appeared on the census of 10 June 1870 in Matagorda, Matagorda County, Texas.² Eliza Ophelia Smith died circa 1877 at Texas.⁵

     Ariadna (?) was born circa 1823 at Virginia.¹ She married Thomas Theopholus Hill, son of Thomas Hill and Frances "Fannie" Russel Baptist, circa 1841 at Virginia.¹ Ariadna (?) was included in the census of Edward B. Hill and Mildred (?) on 31 October 1850 at Fairfax, Culpeper County, Virginia.¹

     Green W Bethel was born circa 1823 at Tennessee.¹ He was the son of Tillman Bethel and Sarah Root (Sally) Dougherty.¹ Green W Bethel was included in the census of Tillman Bethel on 1 August 1850 at Civil District 2, Dekalb County, Tennessee.¹ Green W Bethel married Eliza (?) circa 1851 at Tennessee.² Green and Eliza Bethel appeared on the census of 11 June 1860 in Liberty P.O., De Kalb County, Tennessee.² Green W Bethel appeared on the census of 18 August 1870 in Liberty, Tennessee.³

     John Cooper was born circa 1823 at Stickney, Lincolnshire, England.¹ He married Mary Goodman, daughter of Samuel/Simon Grounds Goodman and Phebe Smith, circa 1846 at Cambridgeshire, England.¹ John Cooper and Mary Goodman appeared on the census of 30 March 1851 in Bromley St Leonard, Middlesex, England.¹ John and Mary appeared on the census of 7 April 1861 in West Ham, Stratford, Essex, England.² They also appeared on the census of 2 April 1871 in Stafford, West Ham, Essex, England.³ Mary and John were also recorded on the census of 3 April 1881 in Stratford, West Ham, Essex, England.⁴ John Cooper and Mary Goodman appeared on the census of 5 April 1891 in Stratford, West Ham, Essex, England; This census also included 2 Mary Goodmans, one a lodger and the second a wife, both 23.⁵ John Cooper died before July 1892 at West Ham, Essex, England.⁶

     Daniel Wormwood was born circa 1823 at New Brunswick.¹ He was the son of Samuel Wormwood and Rachel (?)² Daniel Wormwood married Harriet Lydick, daughter of James Godfrey Lydick and Elizabeth Noddin, on 15 February 1845 at Calais, Washington County, Maine.¹ Daniel and Harriet Lydick Wormwood appeared in the home of his parents on the census of 20 August 1850 in Crawford, Washington County, Maine.²

     Frances Smithson was born circa 1823 at Tennessee.¹ She married Sampson Bethel, son of Samuel Bethel and Mary Moonly, circa 1838 at De Kalb, Tennessee.¹ Sampson and Frances appeared on the census of 10 September 1850 in Civil District 4, De Kalb County.² Sampson and Frances appeared on the census of 27 June 1860 in DeKalb County; This census included Edmund (64), Louisa (52), Alexander (18) and Walker (10) Rucker. Louisa may be a daughter?³ Frances Smithson died before 1870 at De Kalb County, Tennessee.¹

     Drucilla (?) was born circa 1823 at Missouri.¹ She married (?) Meador, son of John Meador and Pathenia (?), circa 1845 at Missouri.¹ Drucilla (?) was included in the census of John Meador and Pathenia (?) on 16 November 1850 at District No. 46 (Sni-A-Bar), Lafayette County, Missouri.¹

     Eliazabeth "Eliza" P. Thurmond was born circa 1823 at Virginia.¹ She married James Calhoun on 15 January 1850 at Comal County, Virginia.^2,3,4 Eliazabeth "Eliza" P. Thurmond and James Calhoun appeared living and farming on the property of William Hellerswitha on the census of 4 September 1850 in New Braunfels, Comal County, Texas.⁵ Eliza and James appeared on the census of 15 August 1860 in New Braunfels, Comal County, Texas.² Elizabeth appeared on the census of 27 July 1870 in Smithsans Valley P.O., Comal County, Texas.⁶ She also appeared as head of household on the census of 11 July 1880 in Precinct 3, Comal County, Texas; This census also included Mary Elizabeth Galle, age 2, "grand daughter".⁷ Eliza was included in the census of her son and daughter-in-law, Robert and Dora Calhoun, on 15 April 1910 at Justice Precinct 3, Hays County, Texas.¹ Eliazabeth "Eliza" P. Thurmond died on 2 December 1919 at Hays County, Texas; Burial: Mount Sharp Cemetery, Hays County, Texas.⁸

     Patrick Farrell was born circa 1823 at Ireland.³ He was the son of William Farrell and Judy Croke.^1,2 Patrick Farrell married Kate Egan circa 1842 at Ireland.¹ Patrick Farrell and Kate Egan immigrated from Tipperary, Ireland on 7 November 1848 to New York, New york.⁴ Patrick Farrell and Kate Egan appeared on the census of 26 July 1860 in Magnolia, Rock County, Wisconsin.¹ Patrick Farrell and Kate Egan appeared on the census of 20 June 1870 in Magnolia, Rock County, Wisconsin.³ Patrick Farrell and Kate Egan appeared on the census of 12 June 1880 in Magnolia, Rock County, Wisconsin.⁵
     The connection between Patrick Farrell and what is believed to be his uncle or a cousin to his father John, Patrick Farrell, and their Irish ancestry is based on the fallowing: 1) Edward Patrick alway's said that he was born in the Parish of Balingarry, in County Tipperary, Ireland; 2) His wife, Eliza Laura was said to tease him about the fact that his mother was a Kenny (supposedly an "Orange" family name; 3) According to some family lore, when he first came to the States, he lived with a relative perhaps in Minnesota or Wisconsin. 4); In a reply query by Joane Pratt Striebich on the ballingarry.freeforum.org in 2012 she received the fallowing: "I have read you message and would like to let you know that my great grandfather was a brother of Edward Farrell. The family lived in Gortfree and there were nine children in the family. one name I am unsure of but the others were called: William, Elizabeth, John, Brigid, Mary, Patrick and my G Grandfather Michael. Their father's name was John Farrell and he married to Mary Kenny. John's father's name was William and his mother's name was Judy Croke. William's father's name was John Farrell(1751-1811) and his mother's name was Mary Egan(1761 - 1829). John's father's name was patrick and he was born in 1721 and died in 1782"; 6) A Patrick Farrell, of the correct age to have been a brother of Ed's father, immagrated to the States from Tipperary Ireland circa 1848. He married a "Kate" either in Ireland or the States circa 1848. That Patick Farrell settled in and raised a family in Rock County, Wisconsin; 7) A desicendant of that Patrick Farrell has a reasonably close DNA (shared 39cm across 2 DNA segmants) match to at least 2 decendants of Edward Patrick Farrell. 8) There appears to be no other family connection between the descendants of the Wisconsin Patrick Farrell and those of Edward Patrick Farrell. Ergo, Patrick and Edward are prabably bothe from the Farrell family that was living in the Ballingary Parish of Tippararry Ireland during the mid 19th century. Since the DNA match indicates that the relationship at least a 4th generation relationship, it seems that while there may be a generatiional Edward Patrick and Patrick were at least 1rst cousins.^6,2

     Esther Ward was born circa 1823.² She was the daughter of Robert Ward.² Esther Ward married Thomas Kitchen, son of John Kitchen, on 13 December 1845 at Owston, Lincolnshire, England.^1,2 Esther Ward and Thomas Kitchen appeared on the census of 7 April 1861 in Owston, Lincolnshire.³

     David Carnike was born circa 1823 at New York.¹ He was the son of David Carnike and Hannah Moe Annetje Moon.¹ David Carnike married Elizabeth (?) circa 1845 at New York.¹ David Carnike was included in the census of David Carnike on 12 September 1850 at Junius, Seneca County, New York.¹

     Elizabeth (?) was born circa 1823 at New York.¹ She married David Carnike, son of David Carnike and Hannah Moe Annetje Moon, circa 1845 at New York.¹ Elizabeth (?) was included in the census of David Carnike on 12 September 1850 at Junius, Seneca County, New York.¹

     Barbara Whitman was also known as Basrbara Tilden. She was born circa 1823 at Virginia.² She married Robert Taylor, son of Richard Taylor and Ellen (?), circa 1840 at Virginia.² Barbara Whitman and Robert Taylor appeared on the census of 8 October 1850 in West District, Hanover County, Virginia.² Barbara Whitman died before 1860 at Virginia. She does not appear on Robert's 1860 census entry and Rober marries again in the eary 1860's.³

     Jeremiah Woodring was born circa 1823 at Ohio.¹ He married Carolina (?) before 1850.² Jeremiah Woodring appeared on the census of 15 August 1860 in Allen, Miami County, Indiana.² He and Carolina (?) appeared on the census of 23 July 1870 in Ladore, Neosho County, Kansas.¹ Jerry and Caroline also appeared on the census of 4 June 1880 in Ladore, Neosho County, Kansas.³

     Daniel C. Greenleaf was born circa 1823 at Indiana.¹ He married Amanda Cecelia Young, daughter of Milton Young and LaRue Jane Ober, on 29 July 1852.² Daniel C. Greenleaf married Augustine Viola Young, daughter of Milton Young and LaRue Jane Ober, on 18 December 1858 at Iowa.^1,3 Daniel C. Greenleaf and Augustine Viola Young appeared on the census of 7 June 1860 in St Louis, Missouri.⁴ Daniel and Agustine Greenleaf appeared on the census of 2 June 1870 in Bloomfield, Davis County, Iowa.¹ They appeared on the census of 7 June 1880 in Bloomfield, Davis County, Iowa.⁵

     Hiram Obediah Stacy was born circa 1823 at Wirtport, New York.^4,5 He was the son of William Stacey and Claretta Story.³ Hiram Obediah Stacy married Laura M Minor, daughter of Robert P Minor and Amorilla Buck, on 2 April 1891 at Davenport, Scott County, Iowa.^3,5 Hiram Obediah Stacy was recorded in the state census of his daught and son-in-law, George and Ida Smith, at Scott County, Iowa, in 1895.⁴

     Sarah "Elizabeth?" Cox was born circa 1823 at Virginia. She was the daughter of Tobias Cox and Fanny (?)² Sarah "Elizabeth?" Cox married James Madison Gray on 25 August 1840 at Scott County, Virginia.³ Sarah "Elizabeth?" Cox and James Madison Gray appeared on the census of 3 September 1850 in West Liberty?, Morgan County, Kentucky; What is likely Elizabeth's parents, Tobias and Fanny Cock, are living next door.^4,2 Sarah "Elizabeth?" Cox died circa 1855.⁵

     John Webb was born circa 1823 at Missouri.¹ He married Susan Mary Hylton, daughter of William Hylton and Rhoda Kimbrough.¹ John Webb and Susan Mary Hylton appeared on the census of 26 June 1860 in Cameron, Milam County, Texas; This census included Susan's brother James.¹ John Webb was included in the census of his brother-in-law James Leroy Hylton on 19 July 1870 at Milam, Milam County, Texas.²

     Erwin Raab was born in 1823 at Baveria.² He married Anna (?) before 1852.³ Erwin Raab and Anna (?) were found on a passenger list on 4 October 1852 at Vessel Oldenburg, New York, New York.³ Erwin Raab married Eva Barbara Ebert circa 1857 at New York.^2,4 Erwin Raab was naturalized on 1 May 1858 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.⁵ He and Eva Barbara Ebert appeared on the census of 15 June 1860 in Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania.⁶ Erwin Raab and Eva Barbara Ebert appeared on the census of 6 June 1870 in Ward 10, District 32, Philadelphia, Pensylvania, Pennsylvania.² Erwin Raab appeared on the census of 4 June 1880 in Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania.⁷ He died on 6 January 1908 at Philadelphia, Pensylvania; Age 81. Died at 1 pm, cause Arterio capillary Fibrosis. Death record says that his father was born in Phila. his mother in Ohio.⁸

     Joseph F. Brown was born in 1823 at England.¹ He was the son of (?) Brown.¹
     Joseph F. Brown married Mary A. Hare in 1846 at Montreal, Quebec, Canada; The fallowing was Recorded in the non-Catholic Marriage Index for Montreal, Canada for 1846. Name: Joseph Brown, Marriage Year: 1846, Marriage Place: Montreal, Québec (Quebec), Canada, Spouse: Mary Anne Hare, Denomination: Anglican, Source: Centre d'archives de Montréal, CE601,S72, Page: 5.^2,3,1
      Joseph F. Brown was recorded in the census of Benjamin L. Blanchard and Catharine Brown on 4 September 1850 at Huron, Wayne County, New York. Joseph is listed as 27 years of age and having been born in England; Because of the fallowing: 1) Joseph, Mary and William were living with Benjamin and Catherine Blanchard in 1850; 2) Both Catherine and Joseph were born in England; 3) Their ages are certainly close enough to be brother and sister. It is possible that Catherine Blanchard and Joseph brown were brother and sister. If not Brother and Sister they may be related in some way! For that reason, Catherine Blanchard is inclued as Catherine Brown in this text.¹
     Joseph and Mary Brown appeared on the census of 8 June 1860 in Georgetown, Ottawa County, Michigan.⁴ They also appeared on the census of 22 June 1870 in Georgetown.⁵ On 5 June 1880 Joseph and Mary last appeared on Ottawa County records on the census in Georgetwon.⁶
     And Mary A. Hare In a letter from Ruth Evans concerning her research for the Joseph Brown family in the Grand Rapids, Michigan area, she provided the fallowing; "My search included checking Indexes for 4 Carrie Browns, 5 Charles Browns and 14 Wm. Browns. This was up to 1906, - Deaths and Marriages. I finally located one which appears related. (Marriages) #1939 Applied for June 9, 1902, Cornelius Shipper, 35 of G. Rapids, b. Netherlands, laborer Parents? John Schipper adn M. Van Duren, No previous marriages, Carrie Brown, age 32 of G. R., b. Georgetown, Ottawa Co. Parents, Joseph Brown and Mary Hare, married once before. On Jun 9, 1902 in Gr. Rapids by Chas. A. Watt, J. of Peace. Whit: Morton Rusler of G. Rapids, Sarah L. Stokes of G. Rapids. Co. Clerk Connor H. Smith Deputy Clerk R. A. Mosher, Bk. 13. p. 141. On the 1860 census, Mary lists her origin as Canada.²

     Angeline Pease was born in 1823 at New York.² She married David M West.¹ Angeline Pease and David M West appeared on the census of 28 July 1850 in Rutland, Dane County, Wisconsin.²

     Annis (Anna) Ross was born in 1823 at Ohio.¹ Annis married Henry M McRoberts, son of John James (James John) McRoberts and Mary (?), circa 1846 at Indiana.^3,2 Anna was recorded in the census of her in-laws, John and Mary McRoberts, on 18 July 1850 at Franklin, Marion County, Indiana.⁴ Anna and Henry appeared on the census of 31 July 1860 in Franklin, Marion County, Indiana.¹ They appeared on the census of 28 June 1870 in Hughes, Nodaway County, Missouri.⁵ Annis (Anna) Ross died before 1880 at Missouri; Henry was listed as a widower on the 1880 U.S. census.⁶

     Sarah Lee Cox was born in 1823.¹ She was the daughter of Presley Cox and Sarah Richardia Lee.¹ Sarah Lee Cox married Col. Thomas Brown, son of Richard Templeman Brown and Lucy Redman, on 3 July 1843.¹ Sarah Lee Cox and Col. Thomas Brown appeared on the census of 10 September 1850 in Cople Parish, Westmoreland County, Virginia.² Sarah and Thomas appeared on the census of 24 August 1860 in Eastern District, Westmoreland County, Virginia.³ They also appeared on the census of 22 July 1870 in Cople, Virginia.⁴ Sarah Lee Cox died on 28 November 1874.¹

     Isaac Lowing Jr. was born in 1823 at New York.¹ He was the son of Isaac Lowing and Lavinia Lampman.¹ Isaac Lowing Jr. married Jane (?) circa 1857 at Michigan?¹ Isaac Lowing Jr. and Jane (?) appeared on the census of 18 June 1860 in Georgetown, Ottawa County, Michigan.¹

     Clarissa Minerva Duzette was born on 18 December 1822 at Wooster, Wayne County, Ohio.³ She was born in 1823 at Ohio.¹ She married Lewis Seth Robison, son of Charles Robison and Jerusha Rebecca Kellogg, on 25 December 1839 at Nauvoo, Hancock County, Illinois.^2,3 Clarissa Minerva Duzette and Lewis Seth Robison appeared on the census of 1850 in Great Salt Lake, Utah Territory.⁴ Clarissa Minerva Duzette appeared on the census of 5 June 1880 in Salt Lake City, Salt Lake County, Utah.¹ She died on 23 October 1891 at Salt Lake City, Utan.³

     Thomas Wilson was born in 1823 at Crowland, Lincolnshire, England.¹ He married Betsy (Elizabeth) Cole Knighton in 1847 at Peterborough District, Lincolnshire, England; Registered in the Apr-May-Jun quarter.^1,2 Thomas Wilson and Betsy (Elizabeth) Cole Knighton appeared on the census of 1851 in Crowland, Lincolnshire, England.² They appeared on the census of 1871 in Crowland, Lincolnshire, England.¹ Thomas and Betsy also appeared on the census of 3 April 1881 in Crowland.³ Thomas and Betsy appeared on the census of 5 April 1891 also in Crowland, England.⁴

     Charlotte Stapley was born in 1823.¹ She married Thomas Hawker on 9 September 1844 at Butterwick, New South Wales, Australia.^1,2 Charlotte Stapley and Thomas Hawker appeared on the census of 19 June 1860 in San Bernardino, San Bernardino County, California; This census included Salvadore Hawker, age 27, race Indian (Native American).³ Charlotte Stapley and Thomas Hawker appeared on the census of 29 June 1880 in Cucamonga, San Bernardino, California.⁴ Charlotte was included in the census of daughter and son-in-law, Victor Delor and Sarah Jane Hawker, on 9 June 1900 at San Bernardino, San Bernardino County, California.⁵ Charlotte Stapley died in 1913.¹

     Susan Agnes Nicholas Slaughter was born in 1823 at Campbell County, Virginia.^3,2 She was the daughter of John Ppoindexter Slaughter and Agnes Cobb of Bedford County.¹ Susan Agnes Nicholas Slaughter married George Henry Cox, son of George Cox and Elizabeth (?), on 27 March 1856 at Bedford County, Virginia.² Susan Agnes Nicholas Slaughter and George Henry Cox appeared on the census J.A. Clay and his wife Elizabeth (Probably his mogher remarried), of 26 July 1860 in Diastrict 1, Buckingham County, Virginia.⁴

     Minerva Vansant was born on 18 January 1823 at Scott County, Virginia.^1,3 She was the daughter of James Wilbourne Vansant and Elizabeth Abercrombie.⁴ Minerva Vansant married William Huston Flanery, son of John William Flanary and Elizabeth "Poly" Ervin, on 29 August 1843 at Scott County, Virginia.^1,2 Minerva Vansant and William Huston Flanery appeared on the census of 3 September 1850 in Morgan County, Kentucky.¹ Minerva Vansant Flanary married ? Adkins circa 1853 at Kentucky.⁵ Manerva appeared by her self on the census of 20 July 1860 in District 1, West Liberty Post Office, Morgan County, Kentucky.⁵ She Adkins appeared on the census of 27 June 1870 in Sandy Hook, Elliott County, Kentucky.⁶ She Adkins last appeared on the census of 17 June 1880 in Martinsburg, Elliott County, Kentucky.⁷ She died on 21 February 1899 at Sandy Hook, Elliott County, Kentucky, at age 76.³ She The fallowing was posted at Find-A-Grave: "Minerva Jane Vansant was the daughter of James Wilbourne Vansant and Elizabeth Abercrombie.

Minerva married William Huston Flanery (1822-1851) on August 28, 1843 and they had the following children:

1-Nancy Brilla Flanery Hunter (1844-1899) who had children by William Weddington and Francis Marion Litteral before marrying William Thomas Hunter. Brilla died in Elliott County, Kentucky.
2-William Singleton Flanery (1847-1908) who married Minerva Jane Foster and died in Minnesota.
3-Eliza Emily Flanery Foster (1846-1908) who married Benjamin F Foster and died in Kansas.
3-John Houston Flanery (1851-1913) who had children by Dolly Mays [Adkins] before marrying Sarah Elizabeth Gray. John died in Elliott County, Kentucky.

Minerva married John Morgan Adkins/Atkins (1806-1865) on August 10, 1853 and they had the following children:

1-Van Buren Atkins (1856-1885) was married to Laura, last name unknown, and had one daughter, Sarah.
2-Julia Frances Atkins (1858-1881) unmarried; died in Elliott County, Kentucky.
3-Benjamin Breckenridge Adkins (b. 1860) married a Sarah Jane Hargis and was last found in Rowan County, Kentucky in 1900. Sarah died in 1905 and is buried in Rowan Kentucky.
4-Lucinda Ellen Atkins (b. 1864) believed to have married Taylor Tolson and had at least one son, Willie.

Also found in the census records residing with Minerva Vansant Flanery was Rufus Hunter Flanery (1854-1907). Although he was born several years after William died and there is speculation that he is actually an Adkins/Atkins, Rufus is buried in the Old Vansant Cemetery with the last name of Flanery. Rufus was married to Margaret Elliott.

Another interesting note is that Minerva's mother, Elizabeth Abercrombie, later married John William Flanery, father of William Huston Flanery, Minerva's first husband".

This page was created by Luanne Valentine 22 Apr 2012.³

     Lydia James Longstreet was born in March 1823 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.^3,4 She married John Ringgold (Richard?) Wilmer, son of Simon Wilmer and Rebecca Frisby, before 1852.¹ Lydia James Longstreet and John Ringgold (Richard?) Wilmer first appeared together on the census of June 1860 in Philadeplhia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania.⁵ Lydia James Longstreet and John Ringgold (Richard?) Wilmer appeared on the census of 17 November 1870 in Byberry and Moreland, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.³ Lydia James Longstreet and John Ringgold (Richard?) Wilmer appeared on the census of 7 June 1880 in Brooklyn, Kings County, New York.⁶ Lydia James Longstreet and John Ringgold (Richard?) Wilmer appeared on the at Brooklynh, Kings County, New York,census of 16 February 1892.⁷ Lydia Wilmar, a widow, with son John appeared next door to her son William on the census of 14 June 1900 in Brooklyn, Kings County, New York.⁴

     Carolina (?) was born in March 1823 at Ohio.¹ She married Jeremiah Woodring before 1850.² Carolina (?) and Jeremiah Woodring appeared on the census of 23 July 1870 in Ladore, Neosho County, Kansas.³ Jerry and Caroline also appeared on the census of 4 June 1880 in Ladore, Neosho County, Kansas.⁴ Carolina (?) was included in the census of James Allen Woodring on 23 June 1900 at Centerville, Neosho County, Kansas; This census also included his mother, Caroline, age 77, born in Ohio.¹ A widowed Caroline Woodring appeared on the census of 11 May 1910 in Centerville, Neosho County, Kansas.⁵